Solon was the first to greatly influence the government of athenian society. However, each democratic government has a unique way of implementing this concept of common rule. The basic outlines of the development of democracy run from solon to cleisthenes to ephialtes to pericles. Democracy was first originated from and adopted by the small country of greece. Periclean democracy lectures 15 and 16 age of cimon, key words aristides themistocles cimon areopagite constitution ephialtes pericles pericleandemocracy, key words popular law courts areopagus cimon zeugitai council of 500 dikasteria dikastai aristophanes wasps aristotle cleisthenes united states russia great britain china switzerland. In fact, the evolution of democracy in athens hadcreated a glorious chapter in the history of the world.
It is most usual to date athenian democracy from cleisthenes, since solon s constitution fell and was replaced by the tyranny. Cleisthenes of athens, cleisthenes also spelled clisthenes, born c. Having knowledge but lacking the power to express it clearly is no better than never having any ideas at all. He reformed the constitution of athens, and set it on a democratic footing in 5087 bc. During his life time, he had successfully managed to introduce democracy in greek. Politics has played a major role in the daily lives of the ancient greeks and westerners. What contributions did solon cleisthenes and pericles make to the athenian democracy. To preserve these principles, the athenians used lot for selecting officials.
What steps did pericles take to strengthen democracy in athens. Ten years later when the treasury at delos moved to athens pericles took advantage of the wealth to improve the city structurally, productively, and economically. Due to pericles, athens was regarded as the mother of democracy. Aug 01, 2003 enter your mobile number or email address below and well send you a link to download the free kindle app. Cleisthenes instituted the radical democracy that we associate with classical athens. What contributions did solon and cleisthenes make to the. He also decreed that all of the other citizens of athens would be his hetairoi, his companions, meaning the entire city could now participate in government, rather than a small group of aristocrats. Solon, cleisthenes, and athenian democratic reforms 1. During this period, athens became a great center of literature and art.
Jun, 2016 athenian democracy solon and cleisthenes bob mccarthy. Cleisthenes of athens, who came into power at 510 bc, was also known as father of democracy who successfully implemented democracy in the ancient greek. How do solon, cleisthenes, and pericles contribute to the. What was solons, cleisthenes, and pericles role in developing. Reforms of cleisthenes category government and politics date 508507 b. Among the first people who made significant contributions to the development of the athenian democracy were solon 594 bc, cleisthenes 5087 bc, pericles 495 429 bc and ephialtes 462 bc. Summary of event after the passage of solon s legislation early in the sixth century b. Solon, ephialtes, pericles, or demosthenes, since i do not think that democracy was discovered or invented by an individual. Jan 29, 2017 cleisthenes reforms aimed to prevent the rise of tyrants, however, the threat remained.
The athenian democracy of cleisthenes and pericles was based on freedom of citizens through the reforms of solon and on equality of citizens isonomia introduced by cleisthenes and later expanded by ephialtes and pericles. He expanded the power of the assembly, and led greece into the periclean age. Pericles statement that athenian democracy was in the hands of the whole people. What contributions did solon cleisthenes and pericles make to the. In 508, after a short period of oldfashioned aristocratic party struggles, the athenian state was comprehensively reformed by cleisthenes, whom herodotus calls the man who introduced the tribes and the democracy, in that order. He was the son of the politician xanthippus, who, though ostracized in 485484 bc, returned to athens to command the athenian contingent in the greek victory at mycale just five years later. Solon ended exclusive aristocratic control of the government, substituted a system of control by the wealthy, and introduced a new and more humane law code. Before his times athens was typically ruled by tyrants. Study 29 terms classical greece flashcards quizlet. Athenian democracy and pericles 3286 words 123 help me. Powerful greek leaders, such as solon, cleisthenes and pericles, have all contributed to the formation and establishment of democracy, particularly pericles. Democracy released unheard of potentials in its citizens and ushered in an age of achievement and prosperity.
Mar 19, 2018 solon s laws do not appear to have been systematic, but provided regulations in the areas of politics, religion, public and private life including marriage, burial, and the use of springs and wells, civil and criminal life, commerce including a prohibition on export of all attic produce except olive oil, although solon encouraged the export. What happened to cleisthenes after instituting his reforms is, however, a mystery. Summary of event after the passage of solons legislation early in the sixth century b. Over the past thirty years or so, work on athenian democracy has intensiwed and yielded most. For these accomplishments, historians refer to him as the father of athenian democracy. Pericles and the rise of athens the man democracy his impact 3. The political history of athens is no less instructive than it is fascinating. Thesmophoriazusae wikipedia athenian democracy wikipedia government in athens the development of athenian democracy politicians. What is the different between solon and cleisthenes answers. Solon had made all citizens equal before the law and reduced the influence of the landed athenian aristocracy in the previous century, but in classical athens it was cleisthenes who was credited with being the true founding father of athenian democracy. Many citizens were reduced to the status of share croppers, and others had actually sold themselves into slavery to meet their debts.
He also increased the power of the assembly, and he broke up power of the athenian nobility. In 507 bce, isagoras, cleisthenes rival, sought the aid of spartan king cleomenes to end democracy and establish a new oligarchy. Cleisthenes knows that for his revolution to succeed, it. He also gave the general assembly real power, he gave them the final decision of electing public officials and created a council of citizens to act as. He was a member of the aristocratic alcmaeonid clan. At the point at which a tyrant or revolt seemed likely, the athenians appointed solon to mediate. In searching for the origins of athenian democracy i have avoided the individualist, institutionalist, and foundationalist premises undergirding much historical work on athenian political history.
Solons reforms broke the monopoly on po liti cal power long held by the. Athenss strength under pericles was the result of a complex interaction of events from the time of cleisthenes. While it was solon that had made all citizens equal before the law and reduced the influence of the landed athenian aristocracy in the previous century, but in classical athens it was cleisthenes who was credited with being the true founding father of athenian democracy. Then you can start reading kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer no kindle device required. Solon let all athenian citizens participate in the assembly and cleisthenes created the council of five hundred. The growth of democracy was a glorious chapter for athens. Rather, progressive men such as solon, cleisthenes, pericles and the demand of justice, equality and freedom from the people of athens gradually gave rise to what came to be known as democracy. The democratic reforms of cleisthenes his popular support gave cleisthenes the authority to begin to install the democratic system for which athens has become famous, and the importance of his reforms 1 led later athenians to think of him as a principal founder of their democracy. Cleisthenes was a noble athenian of the alcmaeonid family. Pericles came from a rich and highranking noble family. Cleisthenes and pericles built and established democracy later.
Pericles was the longest serving democratic leader who contributed much development in democracy in the city. Solon s laws do not appear to have been systematic, but provided regulations in the areas of politics, religion, public and private life including marriage, burial, and the use of springs and wells, civil and criminal life, commerce including a prohibition on export of all attic produce except olive oil, although solon encouraged the export. This one page historical reading plus one page of questions gives an overview of the road to democracy in ancient greek civilization. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cleisthenes, father of democracy, invented a form of. Atlases politicians like solon, cleisthenes and pericles are needed to hold. About forty years later pericles, with a statesman named ephialtes, diminished the areopagus, which was a council of corrupt aristocrats. His mother was the niece of cleisthenes, the athenian. What was solons, cleisthenes, and pericles role in. Three of the most influential figures in the athenian democracy were solon, cleisthenes, and ephialtes. Determining why they moved toward democracy instead of, for example, toward a narrow oligarchy like that of sparta remains a difficult problem.
Such were his accomplishments that, in later centuries, he became a sort of semimythical founding father figure who had set athens on the path to the glory and. Other citystates had, at one time or another, systems of democracy, notably argos, syracuse, rhodes, and erythrai. Solon, cleisthenes, and athenian democratic reforms solon. The worlds first democracy developed in athens at the same time that athens was growing increasingly imperial. Nevertheless, early on in athenian democracy the necessity of a clear border between state power and the bloodbond of family identity became a preoccupation. Rise of state and democracy in athens history discussion. To undermine the power of aristocratic families solon changed the qualifications for political power from lineage to wealth. Athenian democracy, however, was disrupted during the peloponnesian war until eueleides briefly revived it. It examines the contributions of draco, solon, pisistratus, cleisthenes and pericles. Cleisthenes had invented a fundamental tool of democracy the gerrymander. Solon, athenian statesman, known as one of the seven wise men of greece.
Martin, an overview of classical greek history from. Solons constitution did not solve all of athens problems. Mar 10, 2016 solon first came to wider prominence in c. Athenian democracy solon and cleisthenes by chiara piazza on. Professor paul cartledge reveals the roots of western democracy. Solon, ephialtes, pericles, or demosthenes, since i do not think. Princetonstanford working papers in classics princeton university. But cleisthenes, taking a page out of the tyrants textbook.
The citystate was taken over by a tyrant to attempt to rectify the problems which solon had not fixed, and after this regime was expelled cleisthenes in 507 bce took over to prevent a return of. In due course of time people of the world became aware about the good results of democracy. Locale athens the reforms of cleisthenes decreased the authority of the noble factions in athens and established the foundations of athenian direct democracy. Athenian democracy is extremely important to the world today, athenian democracy is ancestor of the modern system of government of the united states and other nations, athenian democracy is the first instance of the government by the populace, and all the art of athens is a testament to his to hs free non oppressive style of government. After dealing with the immediate crises in 6th century athens, solon redefined citizenship so as to create the foundations of democracy. The period that brought democracy to the world occurred more than. Ten years later when the treasury at delos moved to athens pericles took advantage of the wealth to improve the. Solon law giver, peisistratus tyrant, cleisthenes constitution, pericles radical democracy athens came late to the problem of land hunger and tyranny, probably because attica as a region possessed more arable land and was able to sustain a larger subsistence population than most neighboring regions of.
View notes solon, cleisthenes, and athenian democratic reforms from clas 201 at university of waterloo. The athenian democracy was a vastly different system than what we think of democracies today. Political representatives were really limited in their job. This biography provides detailed information about his childhood, life, career, works, achievements and timeline. Any full explanation for athenian democracy must make room for the influence of individual. Solon replaced this hereditary aristocracy with one based on wealth. Ancient greek civilization the reforms of cleisthenes. Solon, cleisthenes, and pericles flashcards quizlet. Pericles expanded upon cleisthenes ideas of democracy, and was able to gain the support of the people. Pdf the paper uses political economy methodology to analyze the shift from aristocracy to democracy at the end of 6th century bc in ancient athens.
Who was draco and how did he contribute to democracy. In addition to cleisthenes, solon, another athenian statesman who managed to lay the framework on the idea of democracy, and ephialtes, a athenian who strongly supported the democratic movement, greatly contributed to the establishment of democracy. Before solon, the eupatridai nobles had a monopoly on the government by virtue of their birth. First, the impact of economic reforms of solon must have been limited because solon left phratries. Ancient greece s influence on the world 1044 words cram. Solon the athenian was a great philosopher and one of the seven sages of ancient greece, who is mainly remembered for being the legislator who laid the foundation for athenian democracy with his reforms and efforts to legislate against political, economic, and moral decline. Find an answer to your question who created a direct democracy in athens solon pericles cleistenes plato. Solon was then appointed archon, the highest administrative position of athenian government, traditionally in c. Draco, solon, cleisthenes and pericles contributed a lot for the growth of democracy. Pdf the paper uses political economy methodology to analyze the shift from.
Ok so pericles was a prominent and influential greek statesman, orator and. Ancient greek civilization ancient greek civilization the reforms of cleisthenes. Democracy, cleisthenes goes unmentioned in dahl 1989. Apr, 2020 solon, athenian statesman, known as one of the seven wise men of greece.
What was solons, cleisthenes, and pericles role in developing democracy. In due course of time people of the world became aware about the good results of. A political system can be called democracy if four criteria are satisfied. Cleisthenes successfully allied himself with the popular assembly against the nobles 508 and imposed democratic reform. Cleisthenes and athenian democracy exploring history. Democracy in ancient athens and in the contemporary. In 510 bce, cleisthenes, the son of a prominent aristocrat and political leader, with the help of the spartans, drove hippias from athens. Cleisthenes underwent various type of reformations which lead to the truly transfer power toward the normal civilians. Solons reforms are frequently considered democratic in the context of the time period in which he was. He was a grandson of a tyrant, and he helped overthrow another tyrant. Solon formed the basis for democracy by eliminating slavery due to debt.
Solon laid the basis for democracy through eliminating debt slavery. Many considered pericles to be one of the most influential democratic leaders. Starting with solon in the present day, the term democracy is well known. Relief in the form of solon solon, a lyric poet, and the first athenian literary figure whose name we know, came from an aristocratic family which traced its ancestry back 10 generations to hercules, according to plutarch. Solon, ephialtes, pericles, or demosthenes, since i do not think that. Separate files for electronic postings including separate fillable pdf files for student answers and esubmission. Who created a direct democracy in athens solon pericles. Pericles in 451 to those of their descendants whose both parents were. People credit cleisthenes with the introduction of democracy to athens this is the correct answer. Cleisthenes essay cleisthenes was an athenian nobleman often credited with having given rise to the first democratic political structure in his native citystate.
Solon was an athenian lawmaker, poet and politician. Cleisthenes fled athens and isagoras started to build up his oligarchy. Despite the insanity, the basic outlines of development of democracy were established by no others than. Cleisthenes simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. But while there exists equal justice to all and alike in their private disputes, the claim pf excellence is also recognized.
Ancient athens is hailed as the place that invented democracy in the 6th. In addition, sometimes even oligarchic systems could involve a high degree of political equality, but the athenian version, starting from c. What contributions did solon and cleisthenes make to the development of athenian democracy. Learn how solon and cleisthenes transformed political practices in ancient greece to bring democracy to athens. He is considered as one of the seven wise men in greek culture. Pericles mother, agariste, a member of the powerful and controversial noble family of the alcmaeonidae, and her familial connections played a crucial role. The beginnings of athenian democracy by the late seventh century b. Cleisthenes had ordered a redistricting of the voting precincts of athens in order to break the hold of the aristocratic familyclans on athenian politics. Each deme annually elected a number of its members proportionate to its population as its representatives, and from them the ten new tribes selected by lot fifty each to be members of the new council of five hundred, replacing solon s council of four hundred. He was born in 640 bc in athens and came from a very wellknown and highly respected family with a lineage going back to the last king of athens, codrus. Aug 22, 20 what was solons, cleisthenes, and pericles role in developing democracy.
1284 224 1417 794 1043 340 750 996 1496 251 1165 393 1254 1552 1075 653 154 1118 397 682 755 77 1239 552 1468 1336 1535 412 698 1194 1354 860 1214 439